The Effects of Physical Exercise on Memory and Cognitive Functions

Abstract

Cognitive functions are the mental processes that allow us to think, learn, and focus. Memory, in particular, involves the encoding, storage, and retrieval of information— processes that are essential for daily activities. Emerging evidence in neuroscience research points to a strong relationship between physical health and cognitive performance. For instance, a study by Donnelly et al. highlights a strong link between regular physical exercise and improved cognitive health (Donnely, 2016). Particularly, studies show that individuals who engage in physical activity demonstrate better memory, attention, and problem-solving abilities compared to those who do not exercise. These findings are particularly relevant in the context of neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s and dementia, which involve a progressive loss of brain structure and function and significantly impair cognitive abilities such as memory. Examining the impact of physical activity on memory and cognition, and summarizing recent literature on its role in the development or prevention of neurodegenerative diseases, is therefore essential for guiding future neuroscience research.